So simple the idea...
Juggernaut is easy... Whoever kills it, becomes the new juggernaut and gets the bonuses... yeah easy!!
Oh, yeah, on topic.
I like PB's original idea. Either first rifle/dretch or first killer on each team becomes Juggernaut. Human Juggernaut gets blue aura/skin/uniform/icon/powerup symbol. Alien Juggernaut gets red ditto.
Juggernaut power only works beyond your own team's build line (where there is no power or creep). The Juggernaut power starts with the two who were first awarded it. Either: A) there is an Alien Juggernaut, and only Aliens can pick it up when that player dies (and likewise a Human Juggernaut, which only Humans can pick up); OR, B) there are simply two Juggernauts in the game, and they are awarded to either the killer of the last Juggernaut or possibly the first person to run over the Juggernaut token/icon after the last Juggernaut dies.
The Juggernaut "power" could be increasing damage with every kill, especially per player. If you pick it up and get a kill, you get X1 or no damage multiplication. If you get a second kill without dying, you get X2 damage (you'd have say, a translucent, light-toned, team-colored aura). With your third kill without dying you'd get X3 damage (and your aura would stay team-colored, but get a darker shade, and more opaque). With your fourth kill as Juggernaut without dying, you'd get the fabled quad-damage, and get the super-shiny reflective skin (still team-colored: Human Blue and Alien Red).
Quad Damage would max out the Juggernaut damage power, and subsequent kills at Quad Damage level would even slow down the player's movement speed (1% for every kill at 4X damage). But for destroying enemy structures, you get your speed back (or health, as a tradeoff?) - say, 5% for every enemy structure destroyed, up to 110% max speed (and/or health?). The Juggernaut would reset at the death of the "Host" or "Carrier" (the person who is "It", i.e. the old Juggernaut). The next person to become the Juggernaut would then have to get kills to power up the Damage Multiplier and destroy enemy structures to get the speed/health boost again.
Thematically, the Juggernaut is actually a third race of creature, neither Human nor Alien, which can be symbiotic with either, and lives on conflict (actually these are the beings who started the Human/Alien War). Perhaps either an energy lifeform or what we would consider a paranormal being - a ghost. The dead player who was the Juggernaut could control the ghost until another player captures/kills it, or for a set amount of time.
Juggernaut TKs could be set to one of two modes: Friendly Juggernaut (Juggie TKs give evos/creds) OR Evil Juggernaut (no retribution). Of course, everybody will be trying to kill the Juggernauts, instead of playing Tremulous, and the Juggernaut's own teammates will be vying for that power, too. Makes the game much more King of the Hill/Team Runematch, but oh well. [I can't help about the shape I'm in. I can't sing, I ain't pretty and my legs are thin. Don't ask me what I think of you - I might not give you the answer that you want me to.]
Juggernaut damage to the Juggernaut's own team's structures do that much damage to the Juggernaut.
So Juggernaut power doesn't work in your own base (the kind that bonds with Humans is affected by power, but not by creep, and vice-versa). Damaging teammates or your own structures is penalized (causes self-damage or costs evos/creds). You get more power for staying alive with it, but kill-whoring is specifically penalized by loss of movement speed, while actually destroying enemy structures as Juggernaut is rewarded (with restored speed and/or health boost). Various degrees of translucency/opacity for effect/aura/skin to show degree of Damage Multiplication. If you kill a Juggernaut on your own team, you instantly explode (taking out anybody near you unexpectedly - You killed TEAMMATE Juggernaut!). Floaty, spinny, bouncy Human and Alien (or Universal) team-colored icon/token/ghost/skull/ball of light required, but not included with game.
OK, I hope I didn't overthink your cool idea and I think I addressed all of Risujyn's various points. Thoughts? Plague Bringer, what do you think?