Naturally the following are just my opinions and your mileage may vary. Sorry in advance if my English is not the greatest and I ramble on a bit about some subjects. So without further ado lets talk politics, Yay!
Mario
There are quite a few people around the globe that share your concerns about US monetary and fiscal policies. Not least among them are the Chinese and Japanese who hold large sums of that (dollar denominated) debt you mentioned. And lets not even open the can of worms that is the demographics of western society and the unfunded liabilities they entail. Suffice to say that 11 trillion is just the tip of the iceberg and I don't blame you for being worried.

The laws of supply and demand are just that. Opaque markets may cause some lag but there would seem to be some sort of correction coming along.
It would seem the only way to prevent the proverbial shit from hitting the fan from time to time is to elect responsible politicians but alas that is kind of a global oxymoron. If you are interested in the web of debt that has been spun over that last few decades people like Ron Paul, Peter Schiff, Jim Rogers and Nouriel Roubini have been talking about the problems for a while now even if folks tune out when the gloom and doomers speak.
About your constitution I am not really qualified to speak since I am not familiar with the document. I will however say, that from my limited experience, your education system seems lacking in creating a citizenry capable of making the right choices. Dumbing down the population with playstations and pop culture won't help people make informed decisions. Maybe you should not be pushing too hard for that democratic vote

j/k.
Your concerns about regulations on firearms seem justifiable since there are already so many firearms in circulation you will likely have to deal with that reality. You have to deal with the realities you face even if they are uncomfortable. I like to hold on to the idea, that dealing with the underlying social problems, as opposed to creating masses of expensive bureaucracy, is preferable.
On the subject of oppressive governments any leader is only as good as the men whose shoulders he stands on. If that base erodes they lose their power. Those soldiers are also part of the power base. The only way to stay in power against the will of the majority is to use fear tactics and smoke and mirrors to trick the majority into thinking they are a minority. The other factor is that most people would rather give up bits of their freedom gradually then give up the safeness and stability of a known (even if flawed) system. Oh well.
Maybe you should stop worrying about the macroeconomic perspective and head over to
www.survivalblog.com and start worrying about _your_ microeconomic solution.

Demolition
Who does that army consist of that you say is so much superior to citizens? Granted the disciplined and structured ways of military life raises the bar for dissent but do you really think a tanker will be keen to fire those 120mm HE shell into an apartment?